We Still Have a Lot to Learn from Marx

Assessment and Evaluation

Evaluation is an intelligent procedure that gives educators, guardians or gatekeepers and the understudies themselves with substantial data about advancement and fulfillment of expected educational program instructing. It centers around educating, learning and results. The fundamental objective of appraisal is to improve understudy learning in the subject under study.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Assessment and Evaluation explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Assessments depend on accomplishment objectives and gauges created for a specific educational plan grade. Evaluation is done to gather data on singular understudy execution inside a given time span. Learning confirmations may incorporate tests and portfolios. It might likewise include other learning undertakings, for example, diaries and composed work. The result data can be imparted to the understudies to make upgrades. Improvement of understudy learning can be through changing accomplished through changing the learning condition or the examination propensities. The subject of appraisal can be of any sort. It might be an incident or occasion, an individual, a spot or a condition. The topic is student focused, course based and in many occasions mysterious and not evaluated. Evaluation looks to note down all information whether abstract or target (Jere, 2010). On the hand, an assessment is a lot of exercises or explanations that look to decide if targets were figured it out. It centers to a great extent around grades and may mirror the segments of study hall other than dominance level and course content. Assessment may incorporate conversation, participation, verbal capacity and collaboration among others. It is the last object of a request. Assessments tell whether a set objective or an answer has been met or not. It happens after culmination of a learning action. Assessment is done at end of request. Assessment can bring about three things: A positive change, a negati ve change or no change or advancement by any means. Assessment investigates whether enhancements or changes have happened in the information. Appraisal and assessment need one another and bolster each other (Gavi, 2011). In synopsis, the three contrasts among appraisal and assessment will be; Assessment is developmental as in it is progressing and intended to improve learning while assessment is summative, that is, it is conclusive and it is intended to measure quality. Appraisal centers around how learning is going (process-arranged) while assessment centers around what has been realized (item situated). Appraisal distinguishes territories for development (it is demonstrative) while assessment shows up at a general evaluation, that is, it is critical (Patty, 2004). Formal appraisals have regular arrangements of desires from all understudies. These tests help instructors to see how well understudies have comprehended topic aptitudes and ideas educated in class. Along these lines edu cators can foundationally assess the understudies by utilization of genuine composition and understanding encounters. They accompany endorsed rules translation. Information is figured and summed up scientifically. There are measures for scoring and scores are generally given by standard scores, percentiles or stanines.Advertising Looking for paper on instruction? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The instructors have measurements that can bolster certain ends, for example, â€Å"a understudy is perusing underneath average† in light of the fact that these tests have had been attempted before on the understudies. Adaptability in appraisal results allows educators to intently screen the understudies so as to change evaluation as required. Consequently these benchmarks help instructors and gatekeepers to assess understudy progress over the whole year (Gavi, 2011). Then again, casual appraisal shows procedures that are cons olidated into learning exercises or study hall schedules. Casual evaluations are additionally called execution based measures or standard referenced measures. They ought to be utilized in type of guidance. The kind of evaluation utilized ought to be in accordance with the end goal of appraisal. They can be utilized whenever without fundamentally meddling with instructional time. The outcomes got show the exhibition of the understudy on that specific subject or aptitude of intrigue. Exercises related with casual appraisal incorporate showings, oral introductions, singular undertakings and examinations among others. This kind of appraisal doesn't think about a more extensive gathering other than the understudies in that specific neighborhood venture. Not at all like proper appraisals that are information driven, casual evaluations are substance and execution driven (Patty, 2004). Social examinations are coordinated investigations that are intended to improve urban obligations of under studies. I have picked history subject as a social report in my casual appraisal underneath. The casual evaluation test is intended for understudies in basic evaluations. A fourth-year grade educator has quite recently completed three hours exercise showing a point on the state’s history. He plans to check the instructional adequacy and comprehension of this theme by utilizing a sort of conversation that appears as composed checks. The information acquired will thus help the educator to plan and use information based directions during the following instructing period. References Gavi, R. M. (2011). Dyslexia : Special Educational Needs Series. New York, NY: International Publishing Group. Jere, E. B. (2010). Compelling appraisal and Evaluation. Chicago: Tylor Francis.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Assessment and Evaluation explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Patty, S. A. (2004). Comprehending Online learning: A guide for fledglings and th eâ truly incredulous. New York, NY: John Wiley Sons. This exposition on Assessment and Evaluation was composed and presented by client Maliyah Reed to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

How to Create an Idea-Driven Organization - Focus

How to Create an Idea-Driven Organization - Focus Constant innovation is crucial for businesses who want to stay ahead of the competition. But how do you create a real culture of innovation? How do you foster a free exchange of knowledge and manage ideas efficiently? In this article, we’ll discuss how you can transform your business into a truly  idea-driven organization, using collaborative idea management and task management software. In their book “The Idea-Driven Organization”, award-winning authors Alan G. Robinson and Dean M. Schroeder discuss the power of ‘bottom-up ideas’, i.e. ideas generated by front-line employees  such as technical support agents, sales clerks, assembly-line workers, and all those other people who usually don’t get a say in important business decisions. If you want to turn your business into an idea-driven organization, the authors argue, it is exactly those front-line employees you need to engage. They are the ones who interact with your customers on a daily basis and know their problems, wishes and frustrations; they are the ones who are on the ground, on location, in the trenches; they are where the real work happens, which is why they are the first ones to notice when a process isn’t optimized or an important opportunity not realized. Enlarge this mind map summary of the book The Idea-Driven Organization to view the books key takeaways at a glance: Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit THE IDEA-DRIVEN ORGANIZATION By Alan G. Robinson  Dean M. Schroeder on MindMeister. How to Create an Idea-Driven Organization If you want to follow the authors’ advice, your first challenge is to enable and encourage your front-line employees to share their valuable insights. Your second challenge is to group and prioritize these ideas in a meaningful way. Your third challenge is to implement ideas efficiently, creating a cycle of continuous improvement and innovation. Let’s look at all three of these challenges in turn and how you can use collaborative software tools to meet them successfully. 1. Facilitate the Exchange of Knowledge and Ideas Authors Robinson and Schroeder suggest the usage of an idea board, which can be used to collect and process ideas visually. Idea boards also help to keep ideas front and center, creating a certain social pressure to complete assigned tasks on time. While you can use a simple whiteboard in your meeting room for this purpose, web-based idea management software such as MindMeister brings this collaborative brainstorming process to a whole new level. Once you’ve set up a mind map to collect ideas, the map can be shared with front-line employees, who can access it no matter where they are located and which device they’re using. This way, even remote employees can provide valuable input. Thanks to the visual format of the mind map diagram, employees can also build on each other’s idea and draw inspiration from people they may have never even met in person. 2. Group and Prioritize Ideas One of the biggest advantages of idea management software is its flexibility. Idea mind maps are living documents that you can edit and update continuously. You can drag and drop individual ideas or whole branches to new positions in order to group them or separate them from the rest. A random side note added at the end of a huge branch can become the center of attention within seconds. Using colors, icons and format options you can then highlight ideas and assign priorities. If you’re using MindMeister’s opinions feature, you can also enlarge ideas based on the number of upvotes they’ve received. 3. Implement Ideas Efficiently Once you’ve prioritized ideas in MindMeister, you can drag and drop them into a connected project board in MeisterTask, a web-based team task management tool.   MeisterTask’s projects follow the popular Kanban layout but offer the flexibility needed to adapt them to your personal workflow. This way, you can set up an innovation pipeline that makes sense for your business, and efficiently move tasks through this pipeline until they’re completed. Connecting your idea mind map with your innovation pipeline not only enables you to turn ideas into tasks via drag and drop; it also ensures that those employees who contributed to the mind map are automatically invited to the project board and can follow the progress of their ideas. Such transparency fosters belief in the innovation process and thus encourages employees to keep participating in the future. Whether you’re trying to create the next big thing or are simply looking to improve your customers’ experience, you might be surprised how much you can gain by listening to your front-line employees. Using collaborative idea management and task management tools, you can then transform their ideas into results with unprecedented efficiency, giving your organization the competitive advantage it needs to grow and thrive. Create a Truly Idea-Driven Organization Try MindMeister its free Try MindMeister How to Create an Idea-Driven Organization - Focus Constant innovation is crucial for businesses who want to stay ahead of the competition. But how do you create a real culture of innovation? How do you foster a free exchange of knowledge and manage ideas efficiently? In this article, we’ll discuss how you can transform your business into a truly  idea-driven organization, using collaborative idea management and task management software. In their book “The Idea-Driven Organization”, award-winning authors Alan G. Robinson and Dean M. Schroeder discuss the power of ‘bottom-up ideas’, i.e. ideas generated by front-line employees  such as technical support agents, sales clerks, assembly-line workers, and all those other people who usually don’t get a say in important business decisions. If you want to turn your business into an idea-driven organization, the authors argue, it is exactly those front-line employees you need to engage. They are the ones who interact with your customers on a daily basis and know their problems, wishes and frustrations; they are the ones who are on the ground, on location, in the trenches; they are where the real work happens, which is why they are the first ones to notice when a process isn’t optimized or an important opportunity not realized. Enlarge this mind map summary of the book The Idea-Driven Organization to view the books key takeaways at a glance: Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit THE IDEA-DRIVEN ORGANIZATION By Alan G. Robinson  Dean M. Schroeder on MindMeister. How to Create an Idea-Driven Organization If you want to follow the authors’ advice, your first challenge is to enable and encourage your front-line employees to share their valuable insights. Your second challenge is to group and prioritize these ideas in a meaningful way. Your third challenge is to implement ideas efficiently, creating a cycle of continuous improvement and innovation. Let’s look at all three of these challenges in turn and how you can use collaborative software tools to meet them successfully. 1. Facilitate the Exchange of Knowledge and Ideas Authors Robinson and Schroeder suggest the usage of an idea board, which can be used to collect and process ideas visually. Idea boards also help to keep ideas front and center, creating a certain social pressure to complete assigned tasks on time. While you can use a simple whiteboard in your meeting room for this purpose, web-based idea management software such as MindMeister brings this collaborative brainstorming process to a whole new level. Once you’ve set up a mind map to collect ideas, the map can be shared with front-line employees, who can access it no matter where they are located and which device they’re using. This way, even remote employees can provide valuable input. Thanks to the visual format of the mind map diagram, employees can also build on each other’s idea and draw inspiration from people they may have never even met in person. 2. Group and Prioritize Ideas One of the biggest advantages of idea management software is its flexibility. Idea mind maps are living documents that you can edit and update continuously. You can drag and drop individual ideas or whole branches to new positions in order to group them or separate them from the rest. A random side note added at the end of a huge branch can become the center of attention within seconds. Using colors, icons and format options you can then highlight ideas and assign priorities. If you’re using MindMeister’s opinions feature, you can also enlarge ideas based on the number of upvotes they’ve received. 3. Implement Ideas Efficiently Once you’ve prioritized ideas in MindMeister, you can drag and drop them into a connected project board in MeisterTask, a web-based team task management tool.   MeisterTask’s projects follow the popular Kanban layout but offer the flexibility needed to adapt them to your personal workflow. This way, you can set up an innovation pipeline that makes sense for your business, and efficiently move tasks through this pipeline until they’re completed. Connecting your idea mind map with your innovation pipeline not only enables you to turn ideas into tasks via drag and drop; it also ensures that those employees who contributed to the mind map are automatically invited to the project board and can follow the progress of their ideas. Such transparency fosters belief in the innovation process and thus encourages employees to keep participating in the future. Whether you’re trying to create the next big thing or are simply looking to improve your customers’ experience, you might be surprised how much you can gain by listening to your front-line employees. Using collaborative idea management and task management tools, you can then transform their ideas into results with unprecedented efficiency, giving your organization the competitive advantage it needs to grow and thrive. Create a Truly Idea-Driven Organization Try MindMeister its free Try MindMeister

Apples International Businness Strategies Free Essay Example, 1000 words

In the UK, Apple is able to use viral publicity effectively, which is low cost, thus exporting from the U. S. and licensing is the most viable solution without having to invest in high-cost operations increases by establishing a UK-based production facility. The market research data returned from consumers in real-time also indicate that customers have a favorable brand attitude toward Apple products and would be willing to pay premium pricing (Rubicon Consulting, 2008). By understanding the pre-existing brand attitudes in certain countries, Apple is able to determine where costs can be reduced and choose more low-cost market entry strategies. The high availability of technology, such as in the UK, allows the customer to simply transfer existing promotional strategies from the U. S. to the UK since consumer profiles and characteristics in this country are similar to that of the United States. The major strategy of Apple s international marketing is to create relationships with custo mers and thus build brand loyalty through CRM. Steve Jobs, during his tenure, and other executives currently in charge of Apple are highly visible as spokespersons for products and rely on press releases to continue to promote its expertise and quality (Hood, 2009). We will write a custom essay sample on Apple's International Businness Strategies or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Countries that already have brand loyalty or understand the premium quality of this well-positioned company require less tangible capital investment in market entry strategy development. In countries where customers are less-familiar, market entry depends on the ability to gain their attention or whether a total, ground-up branding strategy needs to be developed in the country. Countries such as Nigeria have the limited brand preference for Apple and thus the logic behind establishing a base of manufacturing and marketing operations for long-term market growth and expansion. Apple does not seem to have a preferred entry strategy, except for gaining lifestyle connection with customers and the ability to use pre-existing marketing strategies and promotion that find success with American consumers.

Thyroid Cancer Essay - 1987 Words

The thyroid gland is the gland that makes and stores hormones that help regulate the heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and metabolism. Thyroid hormones are essential for the function of every cell in the body. They help regulate growth and the rate of chemical reactions in the body. Thyroid hormones also help children grow and develop. The thyroid gland is located in the lower part of the neck, below the Adams apple, wrapped around the trachea. It has the shape of a butterfly with two lobes attached to one another by a middle part called the isthmus. The thyroid uses iodine, a mineral found in some foods and in iodized salt, to make its hormones. The two most important thyroid hormones are thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine†¦show more content†¦Follicular tumors, on the other hand, grow only on one side of the gland. These tumors develop in the hormone-producing cells and account for 30% - 50% of all thyroid cancers (Thackery 1057). Medullary thyroid tumors acco unt for 5% - 7% of all thyroid cancers, and are usually uncommon. Like papillary tumors, they grow on one or both sides of the gland. Anaplastic tumors, though extremely rare, develop on either side of the thyroid gland and spread rapidly to other parts of the body. It account for only 2% of all thyroid cancers but is the fastest growing, and most aggressive thyroid cancer type (Thackery 1057). The aggressiveness of each type of thyroid cancer is different. There are four main stages in each of the types of thyroid cancer except for anaplastic cancer (Rubin 91). In the stage I of papillary and follicular thyroid cancer, the cancer is located only in the thyroid and may be found in one or both of the lobes. In stage II if the patients are younger than 45 years of age, the cancer has spread beyond the thyroid. But if the patient is older than 45 years of age, the cancer is only in the thyroid and is larger than 1 centimeter. In stage III, the cancer is usually found in patients older than 45 years of age and has spread outside of the thyroid or has spread to the lymph nodes but not outside of the neck. In stage IV, the cancer is again usually found in patients over the age of 45. It most likely has spread to other parts of theShow MoreRelatedThyroid Cancer Essay989 Words   |  4 PagesThyroid Cancer is a thyroid neoplasm that develops in the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland consists of two large lobes that are connected by the isthmus and is located below the larynx on both sides of the trachea. The gland secretes hormones from the hypothalamus that may be stored in the colloid or released into the blood in capillaries. In the endocrine system, the thyroid gland secretes hormones that act on cells with specific receptors called target cells. When cancer develops in the thyroidRead MoreCauses And Treatments Of Thyroid Cancer1656 Words   |  7 Pagesof choice is thyroid cancer. Recently my mother was diagnosed with this cancer so doing research can help me better understand what it is, what causes its occurrence, and what lifestyle changes it will bring. Having taken anatomy physiology I know the importance of this gland. This is a gland that has functions to many other organs including the heart, brain, liver, and more. Going into the DMS program I can learn to identify spots on the thyroid and use the knowledge of this cancer to in my careerRead M oreThe Incidence Of Thyroid Cancer2648 Words   |  11 PagesThe incidence of thyroid cancer is rapidly rising in the US accounting for 62,980 cases with 1890 deaths every year[1]. It is the seventh most common cancer diagnosed in women and peaks earlier than in men. Despite its high prevalence, death rate from thyroid cancer is fairly stable from past many years. In general, thyroid cancer offers a good prognosis with an overall survival rate of approximately 90%[2]. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) termed as differentiatedRead MoreAnatomy And Physiology : Thyroid Cancer4045 Words   |  17 PagesTHYROID CANCER 1 Thyroid Cancer Nicholas M. Madathilate Anatomy and Physiology, Period 6 Pine View School 16 December 2014 THYROID CANCER 2 What is thyroid cancer, and is it dangerous? To answer this one must first know the function of the thyroid. A thyroid is a gland at the front of the neck right under the soundRead MoreClinical Trials And Thyroid Cancer1254 Words   |  6 PagesTrials and Thyroid Cancer: Thyroid cancer is often recurrent and difficult to treat. As a result, patients have been taking part in clinical trials of new and innovative treatments. Clinical trials are defined as carefully controlled research studies that are done with volunteer patients. Differentiated thyroid cancer, as explained in a previous section, can be divided into papillary, follicular, and Hà ¼rthle cell arising from follicular cells. The hallmark of follicular thyroid cells is theRead MoreAiding The Fight Against Thyroid Cancer1256 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Fight Against Thyroid Cancer: One Throat At a Time. WARNING: The following information may be hard to swallow. â€Å"The American Cancer Society predict[ed] 62,450 people w[ould] be diagnosed with thyroid cancer in 2015† (2). Though this amount is relatively small, patients can always find comfort and assistance in organizations such as the American Thyroid Association (ATA). â€Å"The ATA is the leading organization focused on thyroid biology and the prevention and treatment of thyroid disorders. PerformedRead MoreThyroid Cancer : A Common Endocrine Malignant Tumor Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pages Thyroid cancer is a common endocrine malignant tumor (1). Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common of the well-differentiated carcinomas (85%) (2) and is characterized by distinctive nuclear features. Most thyroid tumors can be readily diagnosed using histopathologic criteria, which allow the pathologist to differentiate benign from malignant lesions and guarantee an accurate classification for the majority of the variants of carcinomas derived from follicular epithelial cells. HoweverRead MoreThyroid Cancer1994 Words   |  8 PagesThe thyroid gland is the gland that makes and stores hormones that help regulate the heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and metabolism. Thyroid hormones are essential for the function of every cell in the body. They help regulate growth and the rate of chemical reactions in the body. Thyroid hormones also help children grow and develop. The thyroid gland is located in the lower part of the neck, below the Adams apple, wrapped around the trachea. It has the shape of a butterfly with twoRead MoreDiscussion Medullary thyroid cancer is an indolent neuroendocrine tumor that frequently presents500 Words   |  2 PagesDiscussion Medullary thyroid cancer is an indolent neuroendocrine tumor that frequently presents with disseminated disease. While locally advanced tumor in the neck and mediastinum can be treated with surgery either for palliative or curative intent, distant metastases are not often amenable to operative excision. Metastatic MTC has a similarly poor response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Viable therapeutic options for distant metastatic disease are still absent. Survival rate after discoveryRead MoreThyroid Cancer Case Study749 Words   |  3 PagesThyroid cancer can be present in two forms, papillary and follicular. Fortunately, we know a great deal about follicular thyroid cancer because it is most common. Papillary cancer can be present in the well differentiated form or poorly differentiated form. We know from previous studies and cases that the well differentiated form can be treated with radioactive iodine therapy and surgical removal, but the poorly differentiated form cannot be tre ated with this method. Mutations in the PI3K/AKT signaling

Female Infanticide Free Essays

string(49) " rates of female infanticide increased in China\." Imagine a world with no women. There as no wives, no sisters, no daughters, and no mothers. Unfortunately this world is on the brink of becoming a scary reality for Asian countries such as China and India. We will write a custom essay sample on Female Infanticide or any similar topic only for you Order Now Due to attempts to control population and the low value associated with females in these societies historically and culturally, both China and India are now facing a serious gender imbalance. Female infanticide and sex-selective abortion are responsible for this gender imbalance. The two atrocious practices have led to problems such as elevated rates in female kidnapping and slave trade, as well as forced marriages. This paper will focus on the roots of female infanticide and sex-selective abortions as well as the problems these practices have presented. According to current statistics, there are approximately 1,338,299,512 people living in China (Cao et al. 2012). For every 120 males, there are only 100 females. A study published in the British Medical Journal found that China has approximately 32 million more males than females under the age of 20 (Cao et al. 012). In a 1999 Chinese census report, the imbalance between the sexes revealed that the imbalance is now so distorted that there are 111 million males in China – more than three times the population of Canada – who will be unable to find a wife (Hvistendahl 2008). As a result of this gender imbalance, the rate of female kidnapping and slave trading has increased. There are 8,000 women on average per year who are rescued by authorities from â€Å"forced† marriages (Cao et al. 1012). A major factor responsible for the distortion of this gender imbalance in China is the one child policy. In 1979, the Chinese Government implemented a new act under the family planning policy. This new act officially restricts married, urban couples to having only one child, while allowing exemptions for several cases such as rural couples, ethnic minorities, and parents without siblings (Hesketh et al. 2011). Ideally, the act was implemented to alleviate social, economic, and environmental problems arising from the over-population issues in China. The one child policy offers couples that delay childbearing a longer maternity leave as well as other social benefits. Couples that have a second child without a permit are at risk of being fined thousands of dollars, and may also be penalized by suffering wage cuts and reduced access to social services (Hvistendahl 2008). Approximately 35. 9% of China’s population is subject to the â€Å"one child policy. † The policy is said to have prevented some 400 million births from 1979 to 2011 (Hesketh et al. 2011). The one child policy has been the source of conflict for a variety of reasons. The main focus has been the increased rate of female infanticide. Female infanticide is the intentional killing of baby girls due to the preference for male babies and is attributed to the low value associated with the birth of females (Weijing 2010). Poverty, famine, and population control are inter-related factors. Where safe and effective birth control is unavailable, infanticide is used to selectively limit the growth of a community. Infanticide allows for selection of the fittest or most desirable offspring, with sick, deformed, female, or multiple births targeted for disposal (Hvistendahl 2008). Males are viewed as more valuable to have as children in the Chinese society because they can work for higher wages and provide for their families. Females are viewed as a burden to the family because unless they live in a major city, they are expected to stay home with the family instead of pursuing an education or working (Hesketh et al. 2011). From the moment they are born, women are considered inferior to men. Women are viewed as submissive and weak whereas males were dominant and strong. Chinese women are taught from a very young age to look after the men in their households. They continue to live the rest of their lives as subservient to males (Reed 2011). There is a principle of three obediences by which women are expected to live, obedience to their father while living under his roof, obedience to their husband and his family once married, and obedience to the eldest son once widowed (Caldwell and Bruce 2005). In the countryside, less than half a million out of a total rural population of eight hundred million were receiving pensions in 1981. Individuals and families who live in rural areas rely on their off spring to be part of their working staff. If such families are only allowed to have one child, they much prefer to have males because they believe they are of more use for jobs that require physical labor. (Hong, 1987) If a Chinese family who is not secure financially does indeed have a daughter than she will most likely not marry, Hong explains. â€Å"For economic reasons, families with daughters are unlikely to let them go to grooms villages to live because they will be needed not only for the parents old age security but also to boost the life- long earning potential of the household. (Hong 1987 pg. 320) In Chinese culture, it is said, â€Å"a woman’s greatest duty is to have a son. † If a woman does not give birth to a son, her husband will often take another wife in hopes of another woman carrying his heir (Hvistendahl 2008). Women are viewed as so inferior, that often, poor families would sell their daughters as servants to rich families. Despite the egalitarian nature of Chinese society, many parents be lieve that having a son is a vital element of providing for their old age. When a daughter is married off, she is no longer available to take care of her parents in their old age, as she is now responsible for her husband and his family (Hesketh et al. 2011). Historically, the way that women were viewed in Chinese society made it clear that with the one-child policy in place, couples would prefer to have a son rather than a daughter. It is for this reason that rates of female infanticide increased in China. You read "Female Infanticide" in category "Papers" Female infanticide is not a problem that is new to Chinese culture. Studies have shown that evidence of female infanticide in China dates back to 800 B. C. E. Until the fourth century, infanticide was neither illegal nor immoral (Weijing 2010). Legal sanctions against infanticide were introduced in the fourth century as Christianity infused secular laws (Weijing 2010). â€Å"We feel it’s a serious problem that everybody should be concerned about and aware of,† said Wanda Franz, president of the National Right to Life Committee. â€Å"This is a form of abortion that, from our point of view is especially egregious. Abortion is claimed to help women; obviously in these cases, females are the direct victims, because women in these cultures are not valued. Caldwell and Bruce 2005)† Another country that has high rates of infanticide is India. Unlike China, India does not have a one-child policy in place, but instead, parents of daughters who are to get married, must pay a dowry. Although the dowry is illegal in most of India, in areas of poverty, most parents still struggle and are expected to pay the families into which their daughters marry (Mahalingam et al. 2007). The dowry consists of large amounts of money and valuable goods. For families with several daughters this can be a serious financial burden (Dube and Dube 1999). In India, the practice of female infanticide is even more common. As in China, the birth of a daughter is seen as a liability. In India the sex ratio is 93 women for every 100 men, but in some regions there are fewer than 85 women per 100 men (Ahmad 2010). According to a recent report by the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) up to 50 million girls and women are missing from India’ s population as a result of systematic gender discrimination in India. Another study showed that approximately 2,000 females are illegally aborted every day in India (Mahalingham et al. 2007). India is known throughout the world for being a country of a large population, a diverse culture, and beautiful sites. A part of India that is coming out of the dark and being discussed rapidly by academics is the extent of female infanticide and sex selective abortion. Statistics show in a United Nations report, that India has a higher death rate of females under four years old than any other country in the world. Poorer nations such as Peru have a female death percentage compared to males of seventy three percent, where a more developed country such as Japan has a female death rate of eighty three percent. The national average in India has a death rate of one hundred and seven percent compared to the death rate of boys, and in the area of Rajasthan the death rate of females under four years old is one hundred and nineteen percent compared to boys of the same age. A percentage of these deaths can be contributed to the decreasing health of female toddlers in India. Verma explains, in most regions of India girls are only fed after the males in the family. If the mother of a family does not receive proper nutrition than the chances of her daughter receiving it are very slim. The other major reason for mortality rates of young female children is so high is due to the practice of female infanticide. Virma, while travelling through her homeland on a search of qualitative research about the practice of female infanticide, came to find just how common female infanticide is across India, particularly in rural areas. Virma explains throughout many villages the male head of the household orders the daughter to be killed. In a particular interview a woman was screaming and crying, her husband told his wife, if she did not kill the baby than he would smash her head in until she was dead. Virma, 2005) In the village of a Bihar, the killing of female infants is so common; the locals repeatedly state, â€Å"The killing of girls is not a sin. † Midwives who play a large role in rural societies of India openly admit how many female infants they have killed. One stated â€Å"I have killed at least sixty five female babies in the last ten years. † (Verma 20 05 Pg. 29) In the same villages midwives are paid a fee of one hundred rupees if the baby is a boy, twenty-five rupees if the infant is a girl, and fifty rupees if the midwife kills, or disposes of the female child. Verma, 2005) There are many different ways in which the female infants are killed; two common practices include starving the baby to death, or poisoning her with tobacco or oil. Many midwives feel that they are â€Å"liberating the female infants soul by killing them. They believe the alternative, being a woman in many parts of India is much worse than being dead. (Verma 2005) Female children who are raised in India are aware of the way they are treated by society and within their own families. In many instances they understand the expense of their dowries, and in certain circumstances go to great lengths to bring honor to their families. In a northern rural village, three sisters had hung themselves, with a note explaining the financial freedom their parents would have without them. (Verma 2005) The Chinese government has taken a number of steps to combat the practice of female infanticide, as well as promote and protect women’s rights. The Marriage Law and Women’s Protection Law prohibit female infanticide, and the latter prohibits discrimination against women who give birth to daughters (Hvistendahl 2008). The Sex Selective Abortion Law and Maternal Health Care Law of 1994 were created to put an end to sex selective abortions, and the latter prohibits the use of medical technology to determine the gender of a fetus (Hesketh et al. 2011). Unfortunately, however, the practice continues in China despite these efforts. The availability of modern ultrasound technology is a major contributing factor to sex-selective abortion. The technology was introduced to China in the 1980’s for diagnostic purposes, however, the opportunity to use the technology for sex selection was soon exploited. In 1994, the Chinese Government banned the use of ultrasound technology for the use of sex selection in 1994 in an effort to elevate the number of females born per year and decrease the rate of sex-selective abortions and infanticide (Hesketh et al. 2011). In 2003, the Indian Government implemented the 2002 amendments to the PNDT (Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques) Act, explicitly recognizing the responsibility of manufacturers and distributors, such as GE Healthcare India, to protect against female feticide. Manufacturers must confirm that their customers have valid PNDT certificates and have signed legal documents stating that the equipment shall not be used for sex determination (Mahalingham et al. 2007). Female infanticide is a horrible manifestation of the anti-female bias that continues to pollute societies throughout the world. Even in technologically advanced and educated societies, the brutal practice continues. The successful eradication of the practice of female infanticide seems an arduous task. In order to combat the phenomenon, careful consideration of the location-specific and cultural factors leading to the practice is necessary. The education of both men and women, social strategies to improve the status of women, and access to family counseling and healthcare may provide means of eliminating female infanticide, as well as elevating the value assigned to women around the globe. In countries such as China and India where the preference of male children has been a part of their cultures history and tradition, one of the only ways to prevent the acts of female infanticide and sex selective abortion is through education. In the early 1990’s less than forty percent of India’s three hundred and thirty million females aged seven and older were literate. Approximately ten years later the numbers improved with sixty five percent of the female population being able to read or write. â€Å"Numerous studies show that illiterate women have high levels of fertility and mortality, poor nutritional status, low earning potential, and less autonomy within the household. †(United Nations 2002) Although there are many schools within India whose curriculum is outstanding and where the student’s performance out does primary schools in the global north there are still many areas where improvement must take place. The government of India must start with setting up more schools and classrooms and providing more teachers at the grass root levels. †(UNICEF) The second step that needs to be taken is to ensure quality teacher training and a solid planned out curriculum for each school to follow across the country. Along with a solid curriculum there needs to be more encouragement of education for girls. If encouragement means giving f amilies incentives to keep their daughters in school, then the government should seriously consider them says the president of the Kanchan Foundation. With an outstanding number of children in upper primary schools across India many girls either drop out or there is not enough space for them so they are forced to leave. By increasing the number of upper primary schools many more girls in India would have the chance of a formal education. Overall the two most populous countries in the world, China and India, are facing what has been described as something close to genocide. With China attempting to control their population size, and India’s historical and cultural preference of male children, both countries are in dire need for daughters in their societies. Between female infanticide and sex selective abortion both countries are running out of potential marriage partners for their male children. With female infanticide and sex selective abortion on the rise the number of kidnapping, and forced marriages of females has also been increasing. Research shows the answer to the problem is increased education for both male and females throughout both countries. Encouraging girls with their education, and teaching boys and men that women should be valued in society are the first steps in stopping such practices. Although sex selective abortion has been against the law in China since 1994, the practice has been on the rise, particularly with advancing technology. Authority does not watch the practice closely and more recent policy needs to be put in place. It should be both China and India’s goal to give infant females, the same celebrations of life as their male counterparts and to give all women in both countries gender equality. How to cite Female Infanticide, Papers

The Bafa Bafa Game Learning Tolerance Essay Example

The Bafa Bafa Game: Learning Tolerance Essay As humans Interact In groups, we usually conform to our surrounding culture. The Baa Baa game was a simulation of two separate cultures colliding with one another and experiencing the results first hand. All year we talked and read about the impact of culture, but its impact is not really understood until experienced personally. There is a complex series of emotions and communication between the cultures, in which can be examined through Hypotheses 5 dimensions. In this exercise all Individuals were assigned to an Alpha or Beta culture and separated into two rooms. Each group is introduced to a different set of cultural values, and given a card game associated with their culture. After a brief introduction into their cultures, a random select few switch rooms and indulge into their opposite culture. In the Alpha there was an Alpha wolf, which when playing the game would win every time, regardless. In the Beta culture, they were competitive and focused on trading. This gave the Idea of an Individualistic culture, where you are what you earn, and were ranked based on your trades. So when you started in the Beta culture, everybody started at an equal rank at O trades. However, in the Alpha culture, the males were always automatically ranked socially above females. This set a high power distance in the Alpha culture. The alpha culture was centered all around masculinity, and more specifically, the alpha male. He was the set leader. Hereford had the greatest power distance between people. As I was he alpha male, I had quiet a different experience than everyone else. People automatically were somewhat intimidated by my body guards and l. Some people didnt know what to say to me, and others conformed to our Alpha type culture. The Alphas are a high-context culture, making them touchy, as before you talked to anyone, you tapped him or her on the shoulder or gave a hug. This showed how physical closeness Is Important to someone In the Alpha culture. We will write a custom essay sample on The Bafa Bafa Game: Learning Tolerance specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Bafa Bafa Game: Learning Tolerance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Bafa Bafa Game: Learning Tolerance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer With a low power distance in Beta culture, they were all encouraged to start trading eight away, and compete with one another. This set an even playing field for all participants. However, one big problem was their language barrier. The Beta culture would only communicate in a series of grunts and noises. Which made their task quiet difficult; their mall objective was to trade as many cards as they could. With America being the melting pot of the world, we need to learn how to communicate effectively and efficiently to our diverse culture. To do this we try to minimize ethnocentrism by also minimizing stereotyping. This exercise is to give us a greater tolerance to understanding of others. Baa Baa was Just an example of 2 very different cultures colliding together. In our world today, we have thousands of cultures living, coexisting on our planet. Showing our cultural differences as a humanity. Everybody wants to be similar in one way or another, but all it takes is a simple perspective change. When put in a diversity program with peers, we realize that we are in this together and face similar challenges.

20 Critical Essay Topics What You Need to Know about Human Trafficking

20 Critical Essay Topics What You Need to Know about Human Trafficking A great paper needs a great topic. The topic you choose will show your teacher how well you have understood the assignment. Unfortunately, leaving your assignment till the last moment can be disastrous to your grade. This is especially true if you have to come up with a critical essay on a tricky subject such as human trafficking. If you are having a tough time coming up with appropriate critical essay topics about human trafficking, you have come to the right place. The following lines offer a list of 20 topics related to this subject. There is a handy list of references and source materials at the end which you can use as research material. The Cross-Border Challenges of Dealing with Human Trafficking Issues Faced by Law Enforcement During Human Trafficking Investigation Rehabilitating Victims of Human Trafficking: Ethical and Practical Considerations Human Traffickers and Their Methods of Operating Invisible to The Naked Eye: Hidden Forms of Human Trafficking Understanding the Major Indicators of Human Trafficking Human Trafficking as the Modern-Day Slavery Anti-Human Trafficking Campaigns in Cultural Media The Anonymity of the Internet: A Boon for Human Traffickers The Differences between Human Smuggling and Human Trafficking The Aftermath of War: Women Enslavement and Trafficking Human Trafficking: Influence of Cultural Factors The Exploitation of Humanity: How Human Trafficking Became a $150 Billion Global Industry A Perspective on Clients: Who Buys From Human Traffickers? Armed Conflict Zones are Breeding Grounds for The Illicit Trade of Human Trafficking Philanthropy Engineering: How Advanced Tech Can Help Victims of Human Trafficking How Anti-Money Laundering Efforts Combat Human Trafficking Comparing International Trafficking and Domestic Trafficking The Ideal Victim: Predictors of Human Trafficking Using Children for in Armed Conflicts Since word count requirements vary across the board, we have tried to keep the topics a little generalized. Feel free to narrow them down according to your interests. Remember to limit the scope of your paper to a particular time period, geographical location, a pivotal case, the efforts of a specific humanitarian/aid agency, a specific piece of legislation, the efforts of a specific political figure, or even a documentary. Since we are here to help, here is a sample paper which you can use as an outline for your critical essay. Sample Critical Essay on Trafficking for Organ Trade and Body Parts: The Emergence of a Disturbing Dimension in Human Trafficking Human trafficking is the worst form of abuse that can be inflicted on an individual. The horror of the crime lies in the fact that is negates very humanity of the victims. This modern-day equivalent of slavery continues unabated; the complex nature of the crime makes detecting and controlling it difficult. The most common cases are ones in which human traffickers sexually exploit their victims or force them into hard labor. The less commonly known forms of human trafficking involves an extreme form of cruelty: where the victims are trafficked for organ trade. According to the UN Global Initiative to Fight Human Trafficking (GIFT), organ trafficking has three basic categories: (1) the victims are somehow deceived or coerced by force to give up the organ; (2) commercial transaction where the victim is not paid or paid less than the promised amount; (3) when the organs are removed without the victim’s knowledge. A report by the European Parliament (EP) states that organ trafficking and trafficking of human beings for organ removal (TBHOR) has become widespread over the span of the past 16 years. Until recently, most of these cases have occurred in Eastern European countries and Russia. However, the implementation of tougher law enforcement rules has decreased the incidence rates in these countries. Unfortunately, traffickers have simply switched tactics and moved onto other regions, such as Latin America and North Africa. These regions suffer from economic and political instability. Under such conditions, human traffickers find the ideal victim pool, i.e. people who are already a part of at-risk sections of society, such as migrant workers, those living below the poverty line, members of highly marginalized groups, homeless people, and illiterate people. The entire process involves a host of people as well as high levels of coordination and organization: the medical professionals who are responsible for the procedure, the middlemen, the buyers, the organ banks where the organs are stored, and transporters who are responsible for the logistics. The recommendations of legislating bodies and humanitarian agencies state that this issue can only be addressed through proper legislation covering all the aspects of the crime and proper implementation of these laws. National laws of each country should have an anti-trafficking policy. An increase in public awareness of organ donation will drive up donation rates, hopefully closing some of the gap between the number of organs needed for transplantation and available organs. EP also recommends that the donor recipient should be held criminally and morally liable. The technical recommendations include improvement of organ traceability systems. Human trafficking is a reality that the public in general needs to realize and react to. More awareness, education, and stronger legal frameworks will allow vulnerable victims to escape the horrors of this experience. This is just a sample that can inspire you to come up with a great critical essay that will win over your instructor. So, make sure that you start working on your paper right away. References: Vienna Forum to Fight Human Trafficking, Technology and Human Trafficking 8 (Background Paper, 2008), https://www.unodc.org/documents/human-trafficking/2008/BP017TechnologyandHumanTrafficking.pdf Trafficking in Persons for the Purpose of Organ Removal (ASSESSMENT TOOLKIT,2015), European Union, European Parliament. (2015). Trafficking in human organs. Retrieved from europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2015/549055/EXPO_STU(2015)549055_EN.pdf Lehti, M. (2003), Trafficking in women and children in Europe, in HEUNI papers, no. 18, Helsinki: HEUNI. Banks, D., and Kyckelhahn, T. (2011). Characteristics of Suspected Human Trafficking Incidents: 2008–2010. U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics. Washington, D.C.: Office of Justice Programs International Organization for Migration. (2012). IOM 2011 Case Data on Human Trafficking: Global Figures Trends. Washington: Humantrafficking.org. Polaris Project. (2014). â€Å"The Victims.† Retrieved January 28, 2014, from Polaris Project: For a World without Slavery, polarisproject.org/human-trafficking/ overview/the-victims. Bales, K., and Trodd, Z. (2009). Modern Slavery: The Secret World of 27 Million People. Oxford: Oneworld. Palmiotto, M. Combating human trafficking (pp. 30-32).

Biography of Spiro Agnew, Vice President Who Resigned

Biography of Spiro Agnew, Vice President Who Resigned Spiro T. Agnew was a little known Republican politician from Maryland whose unlikely ascent to the vice presidency prompted many Americans in the late 1960s to wonder Spiro who? Agnew  was an unremarkable figure known to speak in a deadening monotone who was nonetheless notorious for his combative relationship with the press and unwavering loyalty to his boss, President Richard M. Nixon. He once referred to journalists as a tiny, enclosed fraternity of privileged men elected by no one† and to Nixons critics as â€Å"nattering nabobs of negativism.†Ã‚   Agnew is perhaps most well-known for the end of his career. He was forced to resign from office after being charged with extortion, bribery and conspiracy and pleading no contest to income-tax evasion in 1973.   Early Years Spiro Theodore Agnew (also known as Ted)  was born in Baltimore, Maryland, on Nov. 9, 1918. His father, Theophrastos Anagnostopoulos, had immigrated to the U.S. from Greece in 1897 and changed his surname. The elder Agnew sold produce before entering the restaurant business. His mother was American, a native of Virginia.   Spiro Agnew attended the public schools in Baltimore and entered  Johns Hopkins University to study chemistry in 1937. He transferred out of the prestigious school after struggling academically and enrolled at the  University of Baltimore Law School. He earned his law degree, but only after being drafted into the Army during World War II.  He returned to law school after being discharged and received his law degree in 1947, then went on to practice law in Baltimore. Early Career in Politics Agnew was little known outside of his home state of Maryland before Nixon chose him as a running mate. His first foray into politics came in 1957 when he was appointed to  the Baltimore County zoning appeals board, on which he served three years. He ran and lost for a judgeship in 1960, then won the Baltimore County executive position two years later. (The position is similar to that of mayor of a city.) During Agnews tenure, the county enacted a law requiring restaurants and other establishments to be to be open to customers of all races, built new schools and increased teacher salaries. He was, in other words, a progressive Republican. After creating a name for himself in the populous Maryland County, Agnew sought and won the Republican gubernatorial nomination in 1966. He beat a Democratic candidate,  George Mahoney, who supported segregation and campaigned on the slogan  Your Home Is Your Castle- Protect It. Charging Mahoney with racial bigotry, Agnew captured the liberal suburbs around Washington and was elected governor, Agnews Senate biography reads. But he would serve as governor for fewer than two years before he caught to eye of his partys presidential hopeful, Nixon. Rise to the Vice Presidency Nixon chose Agnew as  a running mate in the campaign of 1968, a decision that was controversial and unpopular with the Republican Party. The GOP viewed the progressive urban politician with suspicion. Nixon responded by describing Agnew as  one of the most underrated political men in America,  an old fashioned patriot† who, having been raised and elected in Baltimore, was a master strategist on urban issues. â€Å"There can be a mystique about a man. You can look him in the eye and know hes got it. This guy has got it, Nixon said in defense of his choice for running mate. Agnew was elected vice president in 1968; he and Nixon were  re-elected to second term in 1972. In 1973, as the Watergate investigation was churning toward a denouement that would force the resignation of Nixon, Agnew ran into legal trouble. Criminal Charge and Resignation Agnew was facing possible impeachment or criminal charges in 1973 for allegedly accepting payoffs from contractors when he served as Baltimore County executive and vice president. But he remained defiant in the face of a grand jurys investigation.  I will not resign if indicted! I will not resign if indicted! he proclaimed. But evidence that he  evaded  paying his income taxes- he was accused of failing to report $29,500 in income- soon led to his downfall. He resigned from office on Oct. 10, 1973, under a plea deal that allowed him to avoid prison time. In a formal statement to  Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, Agnew stated: I hereby resign the office of Vice President of the United States, effective immediately. A judge sentenced Agnew to  three years of probation and fined him $10,000. Nixon became the first president in U.S. history to use the  25th Amendment  to appoint a successor to the position of vice president,  House Minority Leader  Gerald  Ford. The amendment establishes the  orderly transfer of power  for replacing the president and vice president in the event they die in office, quit or are  impeached. The prosecution of the case removed Agnew from the presidential line of succession, which turned out to be a fateful decision. Nixon was forced to resign less than a year later, in August 1994, amid the Watergate scandal, and Ford took over the presidency. Agnews resignation was only the second by a vice president. (The first took place in 1832, when Vice President John C. Calhoun resigned the office to take a U.S. Senate seat.) Marriage and Personal Life Angew married  Elinor Isabel Judefind in 1942, whom he met while employed at an insurance company during his law-school years. The couple went to a movie and for chocolate milkshakes on their first date and discovered they had grown up four blocks apart. The Agnews had four children: Pamela, Susan, Kimberly, and James. Agnew died of leukemia in Berlin, Maryland, at the age of 77. Legacy Agnew will forever be know for his rapid ascent from obscurity to national prominence and his scathing attacks on the news media and polemics on society and culture. He was critical of efforts to lift Americas economically disadvantaged out of systemic poverty and of civil-rights protestors in the tumultuous late 1960s. He frequently used derogatory slurs, such as,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"If youve seen one city slum, youve seen them all.† Agnew reserved much of his ire for members of the news media. He was among the first politicians to accuse journalists of bias.   Spiro Agnew Fast Facts Full Name: Spiro Theodore AgnewAlso Known As: TedKnown For: Serving as vice president under Richard M. Nixon and resigning for tax evasionBorn:  Nov. 9, 1918 in Baltimore, Maryland, USAParents Names:  Theophrastos Anagnostopoulos, who changed his surname to Agnew, and  Margaret Marian Pollard AgnewDied:  Sept. 17, 1996 in  Berlin, Maryland, USAEducation: Law degree from the University of Baltimore Law School, 1947Key Accomplishments: Enacted a law in Baltimore County requiring restaurants and other establishments to be to be open to customers of all races, built new schools and increased teacher salariesSpouse Name:  Elinor Isabel JudefindChildrens Names:  Pamela, Susan, Kimberly and JamesFamous Quote:  In the United States today, we have more than our share of the nattering nabobs of negativism.  They have formed their own 4-H club  -   the hopeless, hysterical hypochondriacs of history.   Sources Hatfield, Mark O.  Vice Presidents of the United States, 1789-1993. U.S. Government Printing Office, 1997.Naughton, James M. Agnew Quits Vice Presidency And Admits Tax Evasion In 67; Nixon Consults On Successor. The New York Times. 11 October 1973.  https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/1010.htmlSpiro T. Agnew, Ex-Vice President, Dies at 77. The New York Times. 18 September, 1996.  https://www.nytimes.com/1996/09/18/us/spiro-t-agnew-ex-vice-president-dies-at-77.html

Labour Laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Labour Laws - Essay Example This is certainly the case with Key Lime Printing. There is a feeling on the part of the workers that they are at best getting a very bad deal from a company that has already been in business for a relatively long time and should be able to do better. As a lawyer, there are a few issues that I shall seek to reinforce. I shall seek to inform the client, Joe Blow, that there is little legal recourse once the matter gets to this point. After all, the Notice of Certification from the labor relations board has already been received. There are three main issues that seem to underline the employees’ decision to unionize. First of all, there is the issue of pay. Pay disputes are always a minimum expectancy when it comes to labor relations. This is where most of the labor unrest that we witness centers around. The next issue lies with dismissal of employees. Fair or unfair dismissal is a contentious issue that cannot be resolved anytime soon. On the part of the dismissed employee, thei r default position is that the dismissal is always unfair (Cihon & Castagnera, 2010). Finally, there is the whole issue of unionization. I shall seek to show my client his rights and responsibilities as far as unionization of employees is concerned. The first issue deals with income. I shall handle this issue in two parts. The first part shall be with relation to the right amount that each employee should receive. This is an extremely complicated issue. If each one of us were given the option to suggest how much we want to be paid, then we might suggest amounts that are impractical for the profitable conduct of business. We cannot leave this weighty decision to the employers alone either. There is a need for both the employer and the employee to sit down and discuss each of their positions as far as remuneration is concerned. My client does not seem to have done this. Therefore, first step during the anticipated meeting shall be to hear each side’s position in as far as salar ies are concerned (Pay and Wages, 2013). The second angle in as far as salaries are concerned is the nature of employment. There is the need to find the right balance between benefits, commissions and salaries. The idea of only paying a commission to the three workers without either salaries or benefits is a very emotive one. Initially, it was thought that being paid on commission motivated the workers to apply themselves fully so that in a way they can ‘determine their own salaries’. This is not the case anymore. Finding business is not guaranteed, yet at the end of the month these employees have bills to pay and other responsibilities to fulfill. This needs to be looked at considering that the leading light in this revolt is an employee who is subject to this draconian employment terms (Pay and Wages, 2013). Dismissal is another issue that needs to be addressed. Arguably, perhaps it is the place where the bitterest battles with regard to employee rights are witnessed. There should be a firm basis for any dismissal that is effected in the workplace. After all, this is a place where people from different backgrounds coalesce to satisfy their needs for employment. Additionally, in such a place one cannot dismiss the effect of culture and background on general conduct and productivity in the workplace. Therefore, dismissal must be looked at with this backdrop in mind. There seems to have been instances where the foreman, Top, dismissed employees. He has no right to do this. This is un-procedural. There needs to be a properly laid procedure through which dismissals are carried out. Only the owner, Blow, should have the power to mete out such punishment. In most cases, dismissal should be the last resort (Arthurs & Carter,

Parity theories analyse and operation in the global economy Essay

Parity theories analyse and operation in the global economy - Essay Example Another theory that advances a notion of equalization or parity is the Heckscher-Ohlin theory. The Hecksher-Ohlin theory is composed of two theorems. The first theorem explains and predicts comparative advantage. Ricardo’s theory of comparative advantage assumes but do not explain comparative advantage. The Heckscher-Ohlin Theory’s, particularly the first theorem of the theory, explains comparative advantage to be rooted the in relative factor abundance between nations. The second theorem of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory holds that when there are no restrictions to trade, there will be relative as well as absolute factor price equalisation. Factors of production are land, labour, and capital. The Heckscher-Ohlin asserts, however, that the theory is applicable for labour and capital. The Heckscher-Ohlin theory asserts that with trade liberalisation, mobility of goods can substitute for the mobility of factors and, because of this, relative and absolute factor price equalisa tion will be realized. ... that interest rates will move to parity as interest rates reflect the price of capital which is one of the factors of production and, based on Heckscher-Ohlin theory, mobility of goods substitutes for the mobility of factors and, thus, interest rates also move to parity. II. A main argument against parity theories: markets do not clear There are at least two major areas of the debate on the parity theories. One area of debates is whether markets really move towards equilibrium. Another area of the debate is on the empirical validity of the parity theories: the theories may appear logical but the predictions of the theories and/or their assumptions are not in accord with the situation in the real world. In other words, there are arguments that the theories may be logically constructed but they may not be empirically valid. We discuss empirical validity in the succeeding section and discuss in this section why some economists and critics do not believe why markets do not move towards e quilibrium. The perspective or assertion that markets clear is the more conventional and standard assumption in economics. This view is called the classical view (the more modern variants of this view are the neo-classical and new classical perspectives in economics). The classical view is the theory or perspective that is one of the most important building blocks in many theories of economics. However, another perspective that is also conventional but which has a less following in economics today is the Keynesian perspective.1 One variant of the Keynesian perspective asserts that markets do not clear because there are several obstacles to market clearing. It is a perspective that has a significant following and influence among economists. According to this variant of the Keynesian

Primary Pulmonary Hypertension :: essays research papers fc

Primary Pulmonary Hypertension INTRODUCTION A.Each year in the US there are about 300 new cases of PPH diagnosed each year. B.My purpose today is to inform you on the disease PPH C.This topic concerns you because it is a deadly disease that is on the rise. D.Today I will discuss.... 1.What the disease is 2.Causes of PPH 3.Symptoms of PPH 4.Diagnosis 5.Course and Treatment PPH-What is it? Primary(unexplained) pulmonary hypertension (abnormally high blood pressure) is an extremely rare lung disorder. Pulmonary hypertension occurs when there are changes in small blood vessels in the lungs resulting in an increased resistance to move enough blood through the lungs. The resistance places a strain on the right ventricle which must work harder to pump enough blood. If untreated,or if the conditions are generally bad enough,the right side of the heart may fail resulting in death. PPH-What are the causes? There is no definite cause of PPH,but there are possibilities. 1.PPH may be the result of another infection such as heart disease,lung disease,or HIV. 2.PPH may be genetic. A specific chromosome which runs in families is linked to PPH although the type of defect is yet unknown. 3.Familial Inheritance 4.Diet Drugs-By far this is the most known cause. Fen-Phen and Dexfenfluramine,2 diet drugs have been studied and are linked to numbers of cases of pph. These drugs can cause PPH in as little as 23 days the risk increases with the amount of time it is used. 5.Serotonin-Although this is not proved,it is believed that the above diet drugs increase the release of serotonin which is often found in patients transplanted lungs with PPH. It is very possible that this is a cause What are the symptoms of PPH? In the early stages of PPh there are no symptoms. Usually a person will go to the doctor for another disease and will find that it can’t be cured. After numerous tests,PPH is found to be the primary cause. 1.frequent tiredness or tiring easily as if you are out of shape. 2.Difficulty breathing,dizziness,fainting 3.Swelling in ankles/legs,bluish lips and skin 4.chest pain 5.trouble getting air 6.Palpitations-may be so severe that it is compared to a heart attack. How is PPH diagnosed? 1.Electrocardiogram-indicates whether heart is under increased stress 2.PPH is rarely picked up in a routine medical exam. It is usually confused with other heart/lung diseases. 3.Echocardiogram-The doctor uses sound waves to map a structure of the heart and see if the right side is larger. 4.Pulmonary Function Tests-measures lung volume. 5.Right-heart Cardiac Catheterization-A catheter(tube)is placed in the patient’s arm,let,neck...to measure the blood pressure of the right side of the heart. what is the course and Treatment of PPH? PPH starts when a layer of cells in the lungs are damaged.

Fin 515 Week 4 Homework Assignment

FIN 515 WEEK 4 HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT (7–2) Constant Growth Valuation Boehm Incorporated is expected to pay a $1. 50 per share dividend at the end of this year (i. e. , D1 = $1. 50). The dividend is expected to grow at a constant rate of 7% a year. The required rate of return on the stock, rs, is 15%. What is the value per share of Boehm’s stock? For this problem we can use the formula from the book P=d1(R-G) to find the price. We just need to plug in the values†¦ so, 1. 5/(8% [15-7]). The value is 18. 75. (7–4) Preferred Stock ValuationNick’s Enchiladas Incorporated has preferred stock outstanding that pays a dividend of $5 at the end of each year. The preferred sells for $50 a share. What is the stock’s required rate of return? From the book we discover that we simply need to plug into the formula, r=5/50. The required rate of return should be 10 percent. (7–5) Nonconstant Growth Valuation A company currently pays a dividend of $2 per sha re (D0 = $2). It is estimated that the company’s dividend will grow at a rate of 20% per year for the next 2 years, then at a constant rate of 7% thereafter. The company’s stock has a beta of 1. , the risk-free rate is 7. 5%, and the market risk premium is 4%. What is your estimate of the stock’s current price? I used the financial calculator online for this problem, but we can find it manually†¦ To solve this problem we need to first calculate the required rate of return, which is Rs=Rf+B(Rrm-Rrf), so 7. 5+(11. 5-7. 5)*1. 2=12. 3†¦ So, D0 would be 2, D1 would be 2. 4, D2 would be 2. 88, and D3 would be 3. 08. We then have to calculate the PV for the dividends, which is 4. 42. We have to calculate P2, which came out to 46. 10. After adding up the PV values we get the stock’s price which is 50. 0, or at least that’s what I got†¦ (9-1) After-Tax Cost of Debt Calculate the after-tax cost of debt under each of the following conditions: à ¢â‚¬ ¢a. Interest rate of 13%, tax rate of 0% To calculate, take 0. 13*(1-0), we get 13 percent. †¢b. Interest rate of 13%, tax rate of 20% To calculate, take 0. 13*(1-0. 20), we get 10. 4 percent. †¢c. Interest rate of 13%, tax rate of 35% To calculate, take 0. 13*(1-0. 35), we get 8. 45 percent. (9-4) Cost of Preferred Stock with Flotation Costs Burnwood Tech plans to issue some $60 par preferred stock with a 6% dividend. A similar stock is selling on the market for $70.Burnwood must pay flotation costs of 5% of the issue price. What is the cost of the preferred stock? We’re given the par value, the divident percentage, the market value of the stock, and the flotation costs, and are looking for the cost. The ADP of the preferred stock is 6 percent*60, which comes out to 3. 60. The cost of Preferred Stock can be calculated as (Preferred stock dividend/MP of Preferred Stock*(1-FC)†¦ We just need to plug in the numbers, so you get basically (60*. 06)/70*(1-0. 05 )†¦ calculating that out, the cost of preferred stock should be 5. 1 percent. (9-5) Cost of Equity: DCF Summerdahl Resort’s common stock is currently trading at $36 a share. The stock is expected to pay a dividend of $3. 00 a share at the end of the year (D1 = $3. 00), and the dividend is expected to grow at a constant rate of 5% a year. What is its cost of common equity? For this problem, we are to use the equation r=(D1/P0)+g†¦ Since we are given the P0, D1, and G (36,3,0. 05) we are looking for r†¦ so, just plug-and-chug. Comes out to 13. 3 percent. (9-6) Cost of Equity: CAPM Booher Book Stores has a beta of 0. 8.The yield on a 3-month T-bill is 4% and the yield on a 10-year T-bond is 6%. The market risk premium is 5. 5%, and the return on an average stock in the market last year was 15%. What is the estimated cost of common equity using the CAPM? For this one, looked to me like we need to use the formula Rs=Rrf+Bi(RPm)†¦ Like the last problem, we are g iven all the values except one. Plugging-and-chugging again, I got 0. 06+0. 8*(0. 055), came out to 10. 4 percent. (9-7) WACC Shi Importer’s balance sheet shows $300 million in debt, $50 million in preferred stock, and $250 million in total common equity.Shi’s tax rate is 40%, rd = 6%, rps = 5. 8%, and rs = 12%. If Shi has a target capital structure of 30% debt, 5% preferred stock, and 65% common stock, what is its WACC? So, for this problem we need to find the WACC which can be found by the formula (Wd)*(Rd)*(1-T)+(Wps)*(Rps)+(Wce)(Rs)†¦ We are again given most of the values, so it’s plug-and-chug from here on, pretty much. Debt is 0. 30, PS is 0. 05, Equity is 0. 65, Rd is 0. 06, T is 0. 40, Rps is 0. 058, and Rs is 0. 12†¦ So when plugged it looks like: (0. 30*0. 06*(1-0. 40))+0. 05*0. 058+0. 65*0. 12, and that came out to 9. 17 percent.

Unethical Leaders Scandal Involving Jeff Skilling of Enron Corporation Free Essay Example, 1000 words

Current issues/culture/ environment at the time of the situation The environmental situation that led to creation of Enron was a merger between Internorth and Houston Natural Gas Co. Enron was born in a highly competitive market. The energy economy was under regulation and the market economic situation exhibited a recession. Later on, the market was deregulated through policies put in place by â€Å"Federal Energy Regulatory Commission† (FERC). The deregulation was put in place to remove regulatory limitations and to prevent another harsh economic condition from happening. The federal Government were trying to avoid a repeat of energy emergency. Enron became a chief supplier of energy products in the US and stabilized economically. Through its highly innovated activities and with the help of highly skilled leadership team, it was able to deeply penetrate the market and stand firm against stiff competition (Mekay, 2003). Being a chief player in the economy of the US, Enron used its resources to exercise influence on the US Politics. For exa mple, a board member at Enron Kenneth Lay became a close ally of George W. We will write a custom essay sample on Unethical Leaders: Scandal Involving Jeff Skilling of Enron Corporation or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Bush, during his career in politics when he was Texas Governor. Lay promised a financial support to Bush in exchange for positions that would be occupied by Enron executives in the Federal Government (Mekay, 2003). Lay had powers to make decisions of National importance like energy issues policies and other issues. Enron’s relationship with politicians involved the republican but democrats also. It funded many of Bill Clinton’s activities. These relationships gave Enron many powers to influence a number of US policies through lobbying. Enron was using its money and resources such as powerful connections to instigate distortion of Government policies. It also used its influential power to deceive consumers (Gutman, 2002). Perceived motivation of the individual Several factors motivated Skilling to partake in the Scandal including the pursuance of individual interest based on lack of integrity. According to Northouse (2004), integrity is an important trait in a leader. It involves honesty, reliability and accountability. It transpires that these qualities were lacking in most of the leaders at Enron. Eventually, this motivated Skilling to pursue individual and corporate interest. A fault in the organization culture facilitated the scandal. This was attributable to Skilling’s failures because he was fixated on profit maximization. He failed to understand and support standard practices that would boost organizational organizational culture.